Nkwakọba efere efere na -ewere elu nke efere orifice nwere oghere, nke ga -ejigide njiri mara nke ihe mkpuchi ihe nwere ike ịkwalite wettability na edo nke ihe nju mmiri, bulie arụmọrụ nke mbufe uka. Ngwongwo nke igwe anaghị agba nchara nwere nnukwu mmụba, obere nguzogide, uru nke arụmọrụ dị elu, na -eguzogide ike nkwụnye. Nkwakọ ngwaahịa efere dị n'ụdị dị iche iche, gụnyere igwe anaghị agba nchara 304, 316, 316L, carbonsteels, aluminom, ọla kọpa na ihe ndị ọzọ. Kwesịrị ekwesị maka kemịkalụ, fatịlaịza, nnụcha mmanụ, ụlọ ọrụ petrochemical, gas na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ndị ọzọ nwere nnukwu arụmọrụ. Njirimara: nnukwu mmiri, obere nguzogide, arụmọrụ dị elu.na distillation, absorption, mmịpụta, wdg na -ejikarị arụ ọrụ otu.